Even with the car and truck dampers, you need to kinda lift and wiggle a bit to make sure it is on the snout properly. Ultimately, you need a damper installer to complete the job. You should use some grease or anti-seize on the snout to help ease the installation.
Since the old one came out, and appears to be identical dimensionally to the NOS damper, we know that there should be no problem with the damper and nothing beyond the timing cover preventing the installation.
Like Charlie suggests, it is probably just that step in the damper that you are hitting. You will need an installer to complete the job.
Lawrenceville, GA